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Vermi Compost Processing Education :

Vermi composting being a Bio-fertilizer emerged as one of the promising livelihood option providing soil fertility Improvements, better nutrient recycling , ecological security , nutritional security, and livelihood security on the way to the achievement of sustainable rural development through promotion of organic farming .

Vermi compost is organic manure for all types of crops and plantations and is the fecal matter appearing as dark-brownish granular material, which is odorless,10-009f5 excreted by earthworms, after consuming and digesting bio degradable wastes cow dung, agro-waste, kitchen waste etc. Average Nutrient Content (% of Dry Matter) of Vermi Compost being 1.60 (Nitrogen) 1.32 (Phosphorous) 0.67 (Potassium)

Vermi compost is a preferred nutrient source for organic farming. Vermi compost is an organic manure (bio-fertilizer) which can be produced by earth worm feeding on biological waste material plant residues. It is eco-friendly, non-toxic, consumes low energy input for composting and is a recycled biological product. This can be adopted by the village community as an additional income source and manure for their own crops.

 

 

Technologies:

  • Vermi culture: Process of multiplying earthworms 10-009f1
  • Vermi compost: Fecal matter appearing as dark – brownish granular material, which is odorless, excreted by earthworms, after consuming and digesting bio degradable wastes cow dung, agro waste, kitchen waste etc.,
  • Vermi wash: liquid produced through the use of earthworms, which contains micronutrients and hormones, used as foliar spray.

Application / Use

  • Vermi compost is organic manure for all types of crops and plantations.
  • Vermin wash as foliar spray for all types of crops and plantations.
  • Faster production of manure in a year (3-4 times more) than conventional methods of composting
  • Regular use improves soil health, fertility, structure (makes soil loose and arable and facilitates better aeration and drainage even in heavy clay soils) and creates favorable conditions for healthy plant growth and development.
  • Used as a carrier medium for bio fertilizers
  • Complete and balanced plant food. Improves crop yield and quality
  • Meets increasing demand for naturally grown food products

Average Nutrient Content (% of Dry Matter):

Vermi Compost 1.60(Nitrogen) 1.32 (Phosphorous) 0.67 (Potassium)

PRODUCTION PROCESS

Pretreatment of Composting Material

  • Avoid fresh cow dung, green leaves or any part of living plant, which is hard. Shredding is recommended for hard matter. Avoid non-bio degradable material, such as, polythene bags, plastics, glass, etc.
  • Use only partly decaying or partly digested organic matter as feed substrate for worms
  • Add cattle dung up to 50% to provide bacterial inoculation for enhancing decomposition
  • Spread in alternate layers of dung and leaf litter or any organic waste.
  • Partial decomposition in open area in a pit/heap is strongly recommended.
  • Periodic watering quickens partial decomposition.
  • 4-5 weeks required for partial decomposition

Formation of Bed

  • Spread a 10 cms thick layer of decomposable organic matter such as grasses, coconut fiber, sugarcane waste etc as bedding 10-009f2material.
  • Spread partially decomposed cattle dung and organic waste or dry biogas slurry on top of the bedding layer in an inverted ‘U’ shape till a height of 0.75 m
  • Regular watering to keep it damp all the time

Impregnating / Maintenance of the Bed

  • Do not impregnate or thrust worms into active compost. They will be killed due to heating process.
  • Wait for 2-3 weeks till the bed is cooled.
  • Release worms on top of the bed in a shallow furrow @ 1000 per 1 sq.m of bed space and cover it thoroughly with compost
  • Sprinkle water: Always keep the surface layer of the bed moist, but not soggy.
  • Spread on the top of layer of the bed, a long gunny cloth 4ft wide to cover the heap.
  • Always maintain favorable moisture and cool conditions. Moisture level 40 to 50%. Temperature 25 to 40 degrees Celsius.
  • One earth worm increases to 300 in one year
  • Earth worms prefer nitrogen rich diet-Azolla, an aquatic water fern. 100 to 200 grams per each cubic meter once in a month helps in rapid multiplication
  • Excess water flooding – will be harmful

Harvesting of Compost

  • First lot may take 90 days
  • Subsequent cycle may take only 35 to 45 days depending on the density of worms
  • Stop watering before 2 days of harvesting. Allow earth worms to burrow into the bottom before taking out the compost
  • The finished compost then heaped in conical shapes piles on the surface of the bed
  • Collect the top portion of the pile in stages using hands. Sieve before packing

Vermi Culture

It is a culture basket prepared to multiply the worms. Earthworms are maintained in

a small tank or basket.10-009f3 These baskets should contain mixed old compost and soil.

Vermi Wash

Vermi wash can be made in plastic or mud or cement container having attached tap system to remove water and this container should be approximately ten to twenty litres capacity. It is filled as follows:-

  • Layer one: Bricks and Pebbles
  • Layer Two: Soil and old Compost
  • Third Layer: Green leaves or Kitchen waste
  • Earthworms are later introduced into the container

Water droplets are added at the top through a pot. Earth worms make top to down movement which creates holds in the substances through which the water passes and get settled at bottom. The same could be collected as vermi wash